About Mauritania
A land of ancient wonders, vast deserts, and warm hospitality
Mauritania is a captivating country in West Africa where the Sahara Desert meets the Atlantic Ocean. Spanning over one million square kilometers, it is a land of dramatic contrasts — from endless golden dunes and ancient caravan cities to vibrant fishing ports and pristine coastal wetlands.
A Rich History
Mauritania's history stretches back millennia. The ancient Berber kingdoms, trans-Saharan trade routes, and Islamic scholarship have all left their mark. The UNESCO World Heritage cities of Chinguetti and Ouadane were once among the most important centers of learning in the Islamic world, housing thousands of ancient manuscripts that survive to this day.
Dramatic Landscapes
The country's geography is remarkably diverse. The Adrar Plateau rises with dramatic canyons and rock formations. The Tagant and Assaba regions hide lush oases like Terjit, where palm groves and natural springs offer respite from the desert heat. The Atlantic coastline stretches over 750 km, home to the Banc d'Arguin National Park — a UNESCO-protected haven for over two million migratory birds.
Culture & People
Mauritania is a mosaic of cultures — Moorish, Wolof, Pulaar, and Soninké communities coexist, each contributing to a rich tapestry of music, poetry, cuisine, and craft. Mauritanian hospitality is legendary; visitors are welcomed with sweet mint tea and generous meals. Traditional music, performed on the tidinit and ardin, echoes the deep nomadic roots of the country.
The Legendary Iron Ore Train
One of the world's most extraordinary railway journeys, the Mauritanian Iron Ore Train stretches over 700 km from the mining town of Zouerate to the port of Nouadhibou. Adventurers from around the globe ride the open ore wagons through the heart of the Sahara — an unforgettable experience under star-filled skies.
Practical Information
Capital: Nouakchott
Population: ~4.9 million
Languages: Arabic (official), French, Wolof, Pulaar, Soninké
Currency: Ouguiya (MRU)
Climate: Desert (hot, dry); coastal areas milder
Visa: Required for most nationalities — e-visa available online